linux基础命令-dig

参考博文

http://roclinux.cn/?p=2449

centos安装

yum install bind-utils

介绍:

dig全称是Domain Information Groper,它是一个dns查询工具

特点:

设置灵活、输出清晰、功能强大

命令格式:

dig [@server] [-b address] [-c class] [-f filename] [-k filename] [-m] [-p port#] [-q name] [-t type] [-x addr] [-y [hmac:]name:key] [-4] [-6] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]

dig [-h]

dig [global-queryopt...] [query...]

用法:

默认用法
dig www.test.com

返回内容:

常见返回内容有两种,一种是域名有CNAME的,一种是A记录的。

其中ANSWER SECTION是解析的结果。
AUTHORITY SECTION如果是A记录,是查询域名的NS服务器是哪些。
AUTHORITY SECTION如果是CNAME记录,是最后一个CNAME域名的NS服务器是哪些。
ADDITIONAL SECTION如果是A记录,是查询域名的NS服务器的真实地址。
ADDITIONAL SECTION如果是CNAME,是最后一个CNAME域名的NS服务器的真实地址。 Query time : 查询耗时
SERVER:查询服务器

下面中,是有基于CNAME的一个解析内容。域名经过了2次CNAME,然后解析到真实的ip. 同一个DNS服务器,CNAME只可以对应一条内容,A记录可以对应多条内容。

[root@vm172-31-48-17 ~]# dig www.baidu.com

; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-50.el7_3.1 <<>> www.baidu.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 38744
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 5, ADDITIONAL: 6

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.baidu.com.         IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.baidu.com.      357 IN  CNAME   www.a.shifen.com.
www.a.shifen.com.   151 IN  A   61.135.169.125
www.a.shifen.com.   151 IN  A   61.135.169.121

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
a.shifen.com.       958 IN  NS  ns1.a.shifen.com.
a.shifen.com.       958 IN  NS  ns3.a.shifen.com.
a.shifen.com.       958 IN  NS  ns5.a.shifen.com.
a.shifen.com.       958 IN  NS  ns2.a.shifen.com.
a.shifen.com.       958 IN  NS  ns4.a.shifen.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns1.a.shifen.com.   324 IN  A   61.135.165.224
ns2.a.shifen.com.   1   IN  A   180.149.133.241
ns3.a.shifen.com.   1   IN  A   61.135.162.215
ns4.a.shifen.com.   324 IN  A   115.239.210.176
ns5.a.shifen.com.   324 IN  A   119.75.222.17

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 198.18.254.30#53(198.18.254.30)
;; WHEN: Sun Jan 07 08:11:00 CST 2018
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 271

以下是A记录的返回,ANSWER SECTION返回的就是真实ip

[root@vm172-31-48-17 ~]# dig c.guanshizhai.online

; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-50.el7_3.1 <<>> c.guanshizhai.online
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 13420
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 11

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;c.guanshizhai.online.      IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
c.guanshizhai.online.   600 IN  A   120.92.51.3

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
guanshizhai.online. 86400   IN  NS  f1g1ns1.dnspod.net.
guanshizhai.online. 86400   IN  NS  f1g1ns2.dnspod.net.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
f1g1ns1.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   14.215.150.17
f1g1ns1.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   58.247.212.36
f1g1ns1.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   61.151.180.44
f1g1ns1.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   180.163.19.15
f1g1ns1.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   182.140.167.166
f1g1ns2.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   121.51.128.164
f1g1ns2.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   182.140.167.188
f1g1ns2.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   52.220.136.67
f1g1ns2.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   61.129.8.159
f1g1ns2.dnspod.net. 68997   IN  A   101.226.220.16

;; Query time: 205 msec
;; SERVER: 198.18.254.30#53(198.18.254.30)
;; WHEN: Sun Jan 07 08:11:45 CST 2018
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 275

指定dns

dig @8.8.8.8 www.test.com

找出test.com权威服务器的解析结果

dig www.test.com +trace

输出精简信息

dig @8.8.8.8 www.test.com +short

指定文件名查询

dig -f 1.txt   

文件里面的内容格式
www.test.com
img.test.com

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